The length of a metallic wire is $l$. The tension in the wire is $T_1$ for length $l_1$ and the tension in the wire is $T_2$ for length $l_2$. Find the original length $l$.

In nature,the failure of structural members usually results from large torque because of twisting or bending rather than due to tensile or compressive strains. This process of structural breakdown is called buckling. In cases of tall cylindrical structures like trees,the torque is caused by their own weight bending the structure,such that the vertical line through the centre of gravity does not fall within the base. The elastic torque caused by this bending about the central axis of the tree is given by $\frac{Y\pi r^4}{4R}$,where $Y$ is the Young's modulus,$r$ is the radius of the trunk,and $R$ is the radius of curvature of the bent surface along the height of the tree containing the centre of gravity (the neutral surface). Estimate the critical height of a tree for a given radius of the trunk.

$A$ $5\, m$ long aluminium wire $(Y = 7 \times 10^{10}\, N/m^2)$ of diameter $3\, mm$ supports a $40\, kg$ mass. In order to have the same elongation in a copper wire $(Y = 12 \times 10^{10}\, N/m^2)$ of the same length under the same weight,the diameter should now be,in $mm$.

$A$ wire elongates by $l \ mm$ when a load $W$ is hanged from it. If the wire goes over a pulley and two weights $W$ each are hung at the two ends,the elongation of the wire will be (in $mm$)

How much force is required to produce an increase of $0.2\%$ in the length of a brass wire of diameter $0.6\, mm$ (Young's modulus for brass = $0.9 \times 10^{11} \, N/m^2$)?

The area of cross-section of the rope used to lift a load by a crane is $2.5 \times 10^{-4} \, m^2$. The maximum lifting capacity of the crane is $10$ metric tons. To increase the lifting capacity of the crane to $25$ metric tons,the required area of cross-section of the rope should be $......... \times 10^{-4} \, m^2$ (take $g = 10 \, m/s^2$).