The ratio of specific heats of a gas is $\gamma$. The change in internal energy of one mole of the gas,when the volume changes from $V$ to $2 V$ at constant pressure $p$ is

Which of the following is optically active?

Limestone is present in the blast furnace production of iron in order to:
$(I)$ provide a source of $CaO$
$(II)$ remove some impurities
$(III)$ supply $CO_2$

$A$ very small hole in an electric furnace is used for heating metals. The hole nearly acts as a black body. The area of the hole is $200 ~mm^2$. To keep a metal at $727^{\circ} C$,the heat energy flowing through this hole per second,in joules,is $\left(\sigma = 5.67 \times 10^{-8} ~W m^{-2} K^{-4}\right)$.

Enzymes are sensitive to

When compound $X$ is oxidised by acidified potassium dichromate,compound $Y$ is formed. Compound $Y$ on reduction with $LiAlH_4$ gives $X$. $X$ and $Y$ respectively are :