Time taken by the sunlight to pass through a slab of $4 \ cm$ and refractive index $1.5$ is . . . . . . $s$.

$A$ small pin fixed on a table top is viewed from above from a distance of $100 \ cm$. By what distance would the pin appear to be raised if it is viewed from the same point through a $9 \ cm$ thick glass slab held parallel to the table (in $cm$)? The refractive index of glass is $1.5$.

The bottom of a container is a glass slab of thickness $4 \ cm$ and refractive index $\mu = 1.5$. The container contains two immiscible liquids $A$ and $B$ of depths $6 \ cm$ and $8 \ cm$ respectively. When a crack at the bottom surface of the glass slab is viewed from above,by what distance (in $cm$) does it appear to be shifted? The refractive indices of $A$ and $B$ are $1.4$ and $1.3$ respectively.

The lower half of a vessel of depth $2d \text{ cm}$ is filled with a liquid of refractive index $\mu_1$ and the upper half with a liquid of refractive index $\mu_2$. The apparent depth of the vessel seen perpendicularly is

Consider three media $P$, $Q$, and $R$ with refractive indices $1$, $1.25$, and $1.5$, respectively. The medium $Q$ having a thickness of $5 \text{ cm}$ is placed between extended media $P$ and $R$. An object $O$ is placed at the centre of medium $Q$. If viewed from medium $P$ near the normal direction, the apparent depth of $O$ is $h_1$. For similar observation from medium $R$, the apparent depth is $h_2$. The value of $|h_1 - h_2|$, in $\text{cm}$, is:

$A$ concave mirror is placed over a beaker containing water of refractive index $\mu = 1.33$. The object is placed at the bottom of the beaker. If the image of the object is formed at a distance of $25 \, cm$ from the top surface of the water,and the mirror is at a height of $15 \, cm$ above the water surface,find the focal length of the mirror in $cm$.