Two electric circuits $I$ and $II$ are shown in the figure.
$(i)$ Which of the two circuits has more resistance?
$(ii)$ Through which circuit does more current pass?
$(iii)$ In which circuit is the potential difference across each resistor equal?
$(i)$ Which of the two circuits has more resistance?
$(ii)$ Through which circuit does more current pass?
$(iii)$ In which circuit is the potential difference across each resistor equal?
(N/A) $(i)$ The net resistance of a series combination of resistors is greater than the net resistance of a parallel combination of resistors. Therefore,the resistance of circuit $I$ is greater than the resistance of circuit $II$.
$(ii)$ Since current is inversely proportional to resistance for the same potential difference $(I = V/R)$,the current in circuit $II$ is greater than the current in circuit $I$.
$(iii)$ In a parallel circuit,the potential difference across each resistor is equal. Therefore,the potential difference across each resistor in circuit $II$ is equal.
$(ii)$ Since current is inversely proportional to resistance for the same potential difference $(I = V/R)$,the current in circuit $II$ is greater than the current in circuit $I$.
$(iii)$ In a parallel circuit,the potential difference across each resistor is equal. Therefore,the potential difference across each resistor in circuit $II$ is equal.
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Silver $1.60 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega m$ Copper $1.62 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega m$ Tungsten $5.2 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega m$ Iron $10.0 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega m$ Mercury $94.0 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega m$ Nichrome $100 \times 10^{-6} \, \Omega m$
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| Silver | $1.60 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega m$ |
| Copper | $1.62 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega m$ |
| Tungsten | $5.2 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega m$ |
| Iron | $10.0 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega m$ |
| Mercury | $94.0 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega m$ |
| Nichrome | $100 \times 10^{-6} \, \Omega m$ |
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$(i)$ Among silver and copper, which one is a better conductor? Why?
$(ii)$ Which material would you advise to use in electrical heating devices? Why?
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