Two identical metal spheres charged with $+12 \mu C$ and $-8 \mu C$ are kept at a certain distance in air. They are brought into contact and then kept at the same distance. The ratio of the magnitudes of electrostatic forces between them before and after contact is (in $: 1$)

Five balls numbered $1$ to $5$ are suspended using separate threads. Pairs $(1, 2), (2, 4)$ and $(4, 1)$ show electrostatic attraction,while pairs $(2, 3)$ and $(4, 5)$ show repulsion. Ball $1$ must be:

Two point positive charges are placed at a distance $d$ apart. $A$ third positive charge is placed at a distance $x$ on the perpendicular bisector. For what value of $x$ is the force on the third charge maximum?

Two identical positive charges are fixed on the $y$-axis, at equal distances from the origin $O$. $A$ particle with a negative charge starts on the $x$-axis at a large distance from $O$, moves along the $+x$-axis, passes through $O$, and moves far away from $O$. Its acceleration $a$ is taken as positive in the positive $x$-direction. The particle's acceleration $a$ is plotted against its $x$-coordinate. Which of the following best represents the plot?

Two point charges $4\,\mu C$ and $-1\,\mu C$ are kept at a distance of $3\ m$ from each other. What is the electric potential at the point where the electric field is zero?

Four charges are arranged at the corners of a square $ABCD$,as shown. The force on a $+ve$ charge kept at the centre of the square is