What is long-sightedness (hypermetropia)?

$(i)$ Write the range of distance for a person having normal vision.
$(ii)$ $A$ person needs to use glasses for reading a newspaper. Identify the defect in his vision and the type of lens he would need to correct it.
$(iii)$ Sometimes when we enter into a dark room from bright sunlight,we are unable to see objects clearly. Why?

$A$ person with a myopic eye cannot see objects beyond $1.2\, m$ distinctly. What should be the type of the corrective lens used to restore proper vision?

What is the number of receptors contained in the retina?

$A$ person cannot see objects distinctly when placed at a distance less than $50\, cm$.
$(a)$ Identify the defect of vision.
$(b)$ Give two reasons for this defect.
$(c)$ Calculate the power and nature of the lens he should be using to see clearly the object placed at a distance of $25\, cm$ from his eyes.
$(d)$ Draw the ray diagrams for the defective and the corrected eye.

$(i)$ What is the least distance of distinct vision for a normal eye?
$(ii)$ Does the above distance increase or decrease for a long-sighted eye (hypermetropia)? Give a reason for your answer with a diagram.