What will be the product $A$ in the reaction given below?

Find the products $(C)$ and $(E)$ in the following reaction sequences:
$n$-propyl bromide $\xrightarrow{Na} (A)$ $\xrightarrow[Al_2O_3/773 \ K]{CrO_3} (B)$ $\xrightarrow[500 \ K]{Cl_2/UV} (C)$
$n$-propyl bromide $\xrightarrow{Na} (A)$ $\xrightarrow[Al_2O_3/773 \ K]{CrO_3} (B)$ $\xrightarrow{CH_3Cl/AlCl_3} (D)$ $\xrightarrow{Cl_2/hv} (E)$

Nitrobenzene can be prepared from benzene by using a mixture of conc. $HNO_3$ and conc. $H_2SO_4$. In the nitrating mixture,$HNO_3$ acts as a

Which of the following is not used in the Friedel-Crafts reaction?

The number of chlorine atoms present in the organic products $X$ and $Y$ of the following reactions, respectively, are:
$\text{Benzene} + 6Cl_2 \xrightarrow[\text{dark, cold}]{\text{Anhydr. } AlCl_3} X$
$\text{Benzene} + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{UV, 500 \text{ K}} Y$

Identify the ortho and para directing groups towards aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions from the following list:

$I. -OH$	$II. -CN$
$III. -CO_2H$	$IV. -OCH_3$
$V. -NHCOCH_3$	$VI. -CHO$