Which of the following elements have half-filled $f$-orbitals in their ground state?
(Given: atomic number $Sm = 62$; $Eu = 63$; $Tb = 65$; $Gd = 64$; $Pm = 61$)
$A.$ $Sm$ $B.$ $Eu$ $C.$ $Tb$ $D.$ $Gd$ $E.$ $Pm$
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  • A
    $B$ and $D$ only
  • B
    $A$ and $E$ only
  • C
    $A$ and $B$ only
  • D
    $C$ and $D$ only

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