Which of the following halides is the most stable?

Select the member$(s)$ of group $14$ that $(i)$ forms the most acidic dioxide,$(ii)$ is commonly found in $+2$ oxidation state,$(iii)$ used as semiconductor.

Identify $(P)$ and $(Q)$ in the following reaction:
$2 CH_3 Cl + Si$ $\xrightarrow[570 \ K]{\text{Cu powder}} (P)$ $\xrightarrow{H_2 O} (Q)$ $\longrightarrow \text{Straight chain polymer}$

Bone black is a form of which element?

Explain the oxidation states of group $14$ elements.

Pyrosilicate ion is