Which of the following is obtained when chloral is boiled with $NaOH$?

The suitable reagents $X$ and $Y$,respectively,in the following reactions are:

Which of the following will show the haloform reaction?

Assertion : Protonation of a carbonyl group increases its electrophilic character.
Reason : Protonation of a carbonyl group involves addition of an electrophile on nucleophilic oxygen.

The major product $(P)$ in the following reaction is $:$

Self-condensation of two moles of ethyl acetate in the presence of sodium ethoxide yields: