Which of the following is the strongest acid?

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(A) The acidity of substituted benzenesulfonic acids is determined by the electron-withdrawing or electron-donating nature of the substituent group at

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

m-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The acidity of substituted benzenesulfonic acids is determined by the electron-withdrawing or electron-donating nature of the substituent group attached to the benzene ring.Electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ increase acidity by stabilizing the conjugate base,while electron-donating groups $(EDG)$ decrease acidity.At the meta position,only the inductive effect $(-I)$ is operative.Comparing the substituents:$1$. $-NO_2$: Strong $-I$ effect (strongly electron-withdrawing).$2$. $-NH_2$: $+I$ effect (electron-donating).$3$. $-OCH_3$: $-I$ effect (but weaker than $-NO_2$).$4$. $-OH$: $-I$ effect (but weaker than $-NO_2$).Since $-NO_2$ has the strongest $-I$ effect among the given substituents,$m$-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is the strongest acid.

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