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(B) Zener breakdown occurs in a $p-n$ junction diode when it is under a high reverse bias condition.As the reverse bias voltage increases,the electric

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Reverse bias exceeds a certain value

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(B) Zener breakdown occurs in a $p-n$ junction diode when it is under a high reverse bias condition.As the reverse bias voltage increases,the electric field across the depletion region becomes very strong.This strong electric field exerts a force on the electrons in the valence band,which is sufficient to break the covalent bonds.As a result,a large number of electron-hole pairs are generated,leading to a sudden increase in the reverse current.This phenomenon is known as Zener breakdown.

Zener breakdown in a semiconductor diode occurs when

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