Mix Examples - THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE Questions in English

(D) Statement $I$ is true because lysosomes are formed by the budding of vesicles from the Golgi apparatus.
Statement $II$ is false because although the nucleus,mitochondria,and plastids contain $DNA$,they do not synthesize all their own structural proteins. The nucleus directs protein synthesis,but the actual synthesis occurs on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Mitochondria and plastids are semi-autonomous and synthesize only some of their proteins.
Statement $III$ is true because mitochondria generate energy in the form of $ATP$,earning them the title of the cell's powerhouse.
Statement $IV$ is false because protoplasm is the living content of the cell,which includes both the cytoplasm and the nucleus,not just the cytoplasm.
Therefore,statements $II$ and $IV$ are false.

(C) Both $(a)$ and $(b)$ are correct. When the surrounding medium is hypotonic,water moves into the cells due to osmosis. This results in the swelling of the cells. $RBCs$ (Red Blood Cells) lack a cell wall,making them susceptible to bursting under osmotic pressure. In contrast,the presence of a rigid cell wall in onion peel cells provides structural support,preventing them from bursting.

(C) The correct matches are as follows:
$(a)$ Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the detoxification of many poisons and drugs in liver cells,so $(a)-(iv)$.
$(b)$ Lysosomes are known as the suicidal bags of the cell because they contain powerful digestive enzymes,so $(b)-(v)$.
$(c)$ Nucleoid is the undefined nuclear region containing only nucleic acids found in prokaryotic organisms like bacteria,so $(c)-(iii)$.
$(d)$ Food vacuoles are temporary structures formed in organisms like Amoeba to digest food particles,so $(d)-(i)$.
$(e)$ Chromatin material and nucleolus are the components found inside the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell,so $(e)-(ii)$.
Therefore,the correct sequence is $a-(iv), b-(v), c-(iii), d-(i), e-(ii)$.

(N/A) Nucleus: It controls all cellular activities and development.
$(b)$ Golgi apparatus: It is responsible for packaging and dispatching materials synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum.
$(c)$ Cell wall: It provides structural support and protection,allowing the cell to withstand hypotonic environments without bursting.
$(d)$ Cytoplasm: It is the jelly-like substance where many essential biochemical reactions occur.
$(e)$ Nucleoplasm: It is the fluid matrix present inside the nucleus.

(N/A) plant cell is characterized by the presence of a rigid cell wall,large central vacuole,and plastids. The differences between a plant cell and an animal cell are summarized in the table below:

Feature	Animal Cell vs Plant Cell
$1.$ Cell wall	Absent in animal cells; Present in plant cells.
$2.$ Plastids	Absent in animal cells; Present in plant cells.
$3.$ Vacuoles	Small or absent in animal cells; Large central vacuole present in plant cells.
$4.$ Centrioles	Present in animal cells; Absent in plant cells.