Why does a satellite not have an escape velocity?

Which force is responsible for the necessary centripetal force of a satellite revolving around the Earth?

$A$ planet of mass $m$ moves in an elliptical orbit around an unknown star of mass $M$ such that its maximum and minimum distances from the star are equal to $r_1$ and $r_2$ respectively. The angular momentum of the planet relative to the centre of the star is

Earth is moving around the sun in an elliptical orbit as shown. The ratio of $OB$ and $OA$ is $R$. Then the ratio of Earth's velocities at $A$ and $B$ is

Two particles of identical mass are moving in circular orbits under a potential given by $V(r) = K r^{-n}$,where $K$ is a constant. If the radii of their orbits are $r_1$ and $r_2$ and their speeds are $v_1$ and $v_2$,respectively,then:

What are the directions of rotation of a polar satellite and the Earth?