If the potential energy of a particle is given by $U = A - Bx^2$,then the force is proportional to which of the following?

$A$ carpet of mass $M$ made of a material is rolled along its length in the form of a cylinder of radius $R$ and kept on a rough floor. If the carpet is unrolled without sliding to a radius $R/2$,the change in potential energy is ($g=$ acceleration due to gravity).

The work done in moving a body of mass $2 \,kg$ to a height of $4 \,m$ from the surface of the earth is (Acceleration due to gravity $= 10 \,ms^{-2}$) (in $\,J$)

$A$ uniform chain of length $l$ and mass $m$ lies on the surface of a smooth hemisphere of radius $R$ $(R > l)$ with one end tied to the top of the hemisphere as shown in the figure. Gravitational potential energy of the chain with respect to the base of the hemisphere is

The work done in pumping out water from a cubical vessel of height $1 \ m$ is approximately ........ $J$ (Take $g = 10 \ m/s^2$ and density of water $\rho = 1000 \ kg/m^3$).

Potential energy as a function of $r$ is given by $U = \frac{A}{r^{10}} - \frac{B}{r^{5}}$,where $r$ is the interatomic distance,and $A$ and $B$ are positive constants. The equilibrium distance between the two atoms will be