Let $A = \{1, 2, 3\}$. The relation $R$ on set $A$ is defined as $R = \{(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3)\}$. Determine the nature of the relation $R$.

Let a set $A = A_{1} \cup A_{2} \cup \ldots \cup A_{k}$,where $A_{i} \cap A_{j} = \phi$ for $i \neq j$ and $1 \leq i, j \leq k$. Define the relation $R$ from $A$ to $A$ by $R = \{(x, y) : y \in A_{i} \text{ if and only if } x \in A_{i}, 1 \leq i \leq k\}$. Then,$R$ is

Let $A = \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}$. $A$ relation $R$ on $A$ is defined by $R = \{(x, y) | x, y \in A \text{ and } x < y\}$. Then $R$ is:

Let $Z$ be the set of all integers,$A = \{(x, y) \in Z \times Z : (x-2)^{2} + y^{2} \leq 4\}$,$B = \{(x, y) \in Z \times Z : x^{2} + y^{2} \leq 4\}$,and $C = \{(x, y) \in Z \times Z : (x-2)^{2} + (y-2)^{2} \leq 4\}$. If the total number of relations from $A \cap B$ to $A \cap C$ is $2^{p}$,then the value of $p$ is:

In order that a relation $R$ defined on a non-empty set $A$ is an equivalence relation,it is sufficient,if $R$

Let $A = \{-4, -3, -2, 0, 1, 3, 4\}$ and $R = \{(a, b) \in A \times A : b = |a| \text{ or } b^2 = a + 1\}$ be a relation on $A$. Then the minimum number of elements that must be added to the relation $R$ so that it becomes reflexive and symmetric is $........$.