An $X$-ray has a wavelength of $0.010 \mathring{A}$. Its momentum is

The power input in an $X$-ray tube is increased by:

$\Delta \lambda$ is the difference between the wavelength of the $K_\alpha$ line and the minimum wavelength of the continuous $X$-ray spectrum when the $X$-ray tube is operated at a voltage $V$. If the operating voltage is changed to $V / 3$,then the above difference is $\Delta \lambda^{\prime}$. Then:

For the production of $X$-rays of wavelength $0.1 \mathring{A}$,the minimum potential difference required will be.....$kV$.

In tungsten,the energy of a $K$-shell electron is $20 \, keV$ and that of an $L$-shell electron is $2 \, keV$. When an electron jumps from the $L$ shell to the $K$ shell,the wavelength of the emitted $X$-ray photon will be:

Calculate the wavelength of the $K_{\alpha}$ line for $Z=31$, given $a=5 \times 10^7 \text{ Hz}^{1/2}$ for a characteristic $X$-ray spectrum.