Explain the significance of the $+ve$ and $-ve$ signs in the context of atomic orbitals.

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(N/A) The $+ve$ and $-ve$ signs are not related to electrical charge.
They represent the phase or the sign of the wave function (amplitude) of the electron in an orbital.
These signs correspond to the crests and troughs of the electron wave. By convention,the crests of the electron wave are assigned a $+ve$ sign,while the troughs are assigned a $-ve$ sign.

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