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(A) $1$. The Reimer-Tiemann reaction involves the electrophilic substitution of a phenoxide ion by dichlorocarbene $(:CCl_2)$.$2$. $p$-cresol reacts w

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$Q, S$

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(A) $1$. The Reimer-Tiemann reaction involves the electrophilic substitution of a phenoxide ion by dichlorocarbene $(:CCl_2)$.$2$. $p$-cresol reacts with $CHCl_3$ and $OH^-$ to form a cyclohexadienone intermediate. The phenoxide ion attacks the dichlorocarbene to form $4$-methyl$-4$-dichloromethyl-cyclohexa$-2,5$-dienone, which is represented by structure $Q$.$3$. This intermediate undergoes hydrolysis and rearrangement to form the major product, $2$-hydroxy$-5$-methylbenzaldehyde, which is represented by structure $S$.$4$. Thus, the products formed are $Q$ (minor) and $S$ (major).

In the following Reimer-Tiemann reaction, the products formed are:
$p$-cresol + $CHCl_3$ + $OH^-$ $\rightarrow$ ?

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In the following Reimer-Tiemann reaction, the products formed are: $p$-cresol + $CHCl_3$ + $OH^-$ $\rightarrow$ ?