Two metal wires $A$ and $B$ have lengths $L$ and $3L$ respectively. The radii of the cross-sectional circular areas of wires $A$ and $B$ are $R$ and $2R$, respectively. These wires are joined end-to-end along their axis. When one end of the combined system is fixed and the other end is pulled with a constant force $F$, the elongation in both wires is equal. If $Y_A$ and $Y_B$ are the Young's moduli of wires $A$ and $B$, respectively, then the ratio $Y_B / Y_A$ is:

The Young's modulus of a wire is $Y$. If the energy per unit volume is $E$,then the strain will be

$A$ student performs an experiment to determine the Young's modulus of a wire, exactly $2 \,m$ long, by Searle's method. In a particular reading, the student measures the extension in the length of the wire to be $0.8 \,mm$ with an uncertainty of $\pm 0.05 \,mm$ at a load of exactly $1.0 \,kg$. The student also measures the diameter of the wire to be $0.4 \,mm$ with an uncertainty of $\pm 0.01 \,mm$. Take $g=9.8 \,m/s^2$ (exact). The Young's modulus obtained from the reading is

In a human pyramid in a circus,the entire weight of the balanced group is supported by the legs of a performer who is lying on his back. The combined mass of all the persons performing the act,and the tables,plaques,etc.,involved is $280 \; kg$. The mass of the performer lying on his back at the bottom of the pyramid is $60 \; kg$. Each thighbone (femur) of this performer has a length of $50 \; cm$ and an effective radius of $2.0 \; cm$. Determine the amount by which each thighbone gets compressed under the extra load. (Take Young's modulus for bone $Y = 9.4 \times 10^9 \; N/m^2$)

$A$ metallic ring of radius $r$ and cross-sectional area $A$ is fitted into a wooden circular disc of radius $R$ $(R > r)$. If the Young's modulus of the material of the ring is $Y$, the force with which the metal ring expands is

$A$ mild steel wire of length $2l$ meter and cross-sectional area $A \; m^2$ is fixed horizontally between two pillars. $A$ small mass $m \; kg$ is suspended from the midpoint of the wire. If the extension in the wire is within the elastic limit,then the depression $x$ at the midpoint of the wire will be: