Two stars of masses $m_1$ and $m_2$ are parts of a binary star system. The radii of their orbits are $r_1$ and $r_2$ respectively,measured from the centre of mass of the system. The magnitude of the gravitational force that $m_1$ exerts on $m_2$ is

Describe the method for drawing an ellipse and explain the foci of an ellipse,midpoint,and semi-major axis.

The Sun revolves around the galaxy with a speed of $250 \, km/s$ and its radius is $3 \times 10^{4} \, \text{light years}$. The mass of the Milky Way is:

$A$ satellite is orbiting the Earth in a circular orbit of radius $r.$ Which of the following statements is correct?

$A$ particle of mass $m$ is under the influence of the gravitational field of a body of mass $M (\gg m)$. The particle is moving in a circular orbit of radius $r_0$ with time period $T_0$ around the mass $M$. Then,the particle is subjected to an additional central force,corresponding to the potential energy $V_c(r) = m \alpha / r^3$,where $\alpha$ is a positive constant of suitable dimensions and $r$ is the distance from the center of the orbit. If the particle moves in the same circular orbit of radius $r_0$ in the combined gravitational potential due to $M$ and $V_c(r)$,but with a new time period $T_1$,then $(T_1^2 - T_0^2) / T_1^2$ is given by [ $G$ is the gravitational constant.]

Two satellites $A$ and $B$ move around the Earth in the same orbit. The mass of $A$ is twice the mass of $B$. The quantity which is the same for the two satellites will be: