Class 12PhysicsElectrostatic Potential and CapacitanceConductor, Electrostatic Shielding, Induced Charge and Charge Redistribution on conductor
Medium‘The interior of a conductor can have no excess charge in the static situation’. Explain.
(N/A) neutral conductor has equal amounts of positive and negative charges in every small volume or surface element.
When the conductor is charged,the excess charge can reside only on the surface in the static situation.
Let us consider a Gaussian surface inside the conductor and close to the surface.
At all points inside the conductor $\overrightarrow{E} = 0$,hence from $\phi_{E} = \oint \overrightarrow{E} \cdot d\overrightarrow{S}$,we get $\phi_{E} = 0$.
According to Gauss's law,$\phi_{E} = \frac{q}{\epsilon_{0}}$.
Since $\phi_{E} = 0$,it follows that $q = 0$.
Hence,there is no net charge at any point inside the conductor,and any excess charge must reside on the surface.
When the conductor is charged,the excess charge can reside only on the surface in the static situation.
Let us consider a Gaussian surface inside the conductor and close to the surface.
At all points inside the conductor $\overrightarrow{E} = 0$,hence from $\phi_{E} = \oint \overrightarrow{E} \cdot d\overrightarrow{S}$,we get $\phi_{E} = 0$.
According to Gauss's law,$\phi_{E} = \frac{q}{\epsilon_{0}}$.
Since $\phi_{E} = 0$,it follows that $q = 0$.
Hence,there is no net charge at any point inside the conductor,and any excess charge must reside on the surface.
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Similar Questions
Two isolated metallic solid spheres of radii $R$ and $2R$ are charged such that both have the same charge density $\sigma$. The spheres are then connected by a thin conducting wire. If the new charge density of the bigger sphere is $\sigma^{\prime}$,then the ratio $\frac{\sigma^{\prime}}{\sigma}$ is:
Two thin conducting concentric shells of radii $R$ and $2R$ are shown in the figure. The outer shell carries a charge $+Q$ and the inner shell is neutral. When the switch $K$ is closed,which of the following statement$(s)$ is/are correct?
$(a)$ The potential on the inner shell becomes zero.
$(b)$ The charge on the inner shell is $\frac{Q}{2}$.
$(a)$ The potential on the inner shell becomes zero.
$(b)$ The charge on the inner shell is $\frac{Q}{2}$.
DifficultAP EAMCET 2023
View SolutionAssertion: $A$ positive charge particle is placed in front of a spherical uncharged conductor. The number of lines of force terminating on the sphere will be more than those emerging from it.
Reason: The surface charge density at a point on the sphere nearest to the point charge will be negative and maximum in magnitude compared to other points on the sphere.
Reason: The surface charge density at a point on the sphere nearest to the point charge will be negative and maximum in magnitude compared to other points on the sphere.
$A$ metallic sphere $A$ isolated from the ground is charged to $+50 \mu C$. This sphere is brought into contact with another isolated metallic sphere $B$ of half the radius of sphere $A$. Then the charge on the two isolated spheres $A$ and $B$ are in the ratio:
$A$ dipole consisting of two charges $\pm q$ separated by a distance $2a$ is placed with its centre at a distance $D$ from the center of a grounded conducting sphere of radius $R$ $(D \gg a)$. When the dipole moment vector is perpendicular to the line joining the two centres (those of the dipole and sphere),the total charge induced on the sphere is:
MediumKVPY 2021
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