$A$ flywheel is an important part of a steam engine because it

$A$ wheel of radius $r$ rolls without slipping with a speed $v$ on a horizontal road. When it is at a point $A$ on the road,a small lump of mud separates from the wheel at its highest point $B$ and drops at point $C$ on the road. The distance $AC$ will be

The graph between $\log_e L$ and $\log_e P$ will be (where $L$ is angular momentum and $P$ is linear momentum):

$A$ simple pendulum of length $\ell$ is displaced so that its taut string is horizontal and then released. $A$ uniform bar of length $L$ pivoted at one end is simultaneously released from its horizontal position. If their motions are synchronous (i.e.,they have the same angular velocity at any angle $\theta$ below the horizontal), what is the length $L$ of the bar?

The moment of inertia of a rectangular plate about an axis passing through $P$ and perpendicular to the plate is $I$. Then,the moment of inertia of the triangular portion $PQR$ about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the plate and passing through $P$ is:

Fill in the blanks:
$(1)$ In rotational motion,the role played by ............ is analogous to the role played by mass in linear motion.
$(2)$ For a rigid body in rotational motion,if a particle at a distance of $10 \ cm$ from the fixed axis of rotation has an angular velocity of $10 \ rad/s$,then the linear velocity of a particle at a distance of $5 \ cm$ from the axis of rotation is ............
$(3)$ The $SI$ unit $J \cdot s^{-2}$ is the unit of the physical quantity ............
$(4)$ The condition for a body to roll without slipping down an inclined plane with friction is ............